<div dir="ltr">I am new at ESPr... how do the TDFs (temporal definition files) work? What is the format? I am interested in generating them and I could not find anything about them on the internet.<div><br></div><div style>
THANKS VERY MUCH</div><div style><br></div><div style>German</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">2013/5/7 Marco Manzan <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:manzan@units.it" target="_blank">manzan@units.it</a>></span><br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">hi German<br>
<br>
I'm following a different approach for solving complex fenestration and<br>
daylighting using different softwares, for instance DAYSIM for daylighting<br>
calculation and ESP-r for energy solution.<br>
Using DAYSIM I obtain a file with the energy consumption for internal<br>
luminaries, DAYSIM takes into accont auser behaviour and different kinds of<br>
controls on shading devices so also glare problem can be taken into account,<br>
then I send the information from DAYSIM, that is shading system schedule and<br>
internal loads due to artificial illumination and internal load (function of<br>
occupancy) to ESP-r by means of TDF (temporal definition files). The energy<br>
computation is performed using the complex fenestration and the control is<br>
driven by the TDF file generated using the DAYSIM code. Soon I hope to be able<br>
to commit the changes in my branch. For sure the time required for a whole<br>
year computation depends on the DAYSIM runtime and can be very time consuming.<br>
<br>
Marco Manzan<br>
<br>
In data marted́ 7 maggio 2013 15:05:24, <a href="mailto:esp-r-request@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r-request@lists.strath.ac.uk</a> ha<br>
scritto:<br>
> Send esp-r mailing list submissions to<br>
> <a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
><br>
> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit<br>
> <a href="http://lists.strath.ac.uk/mailman/listinfo/esp-r" target="_blank">http://lists.strath.ac.uk/mailman/listinfo/esp-r</a><br>
> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to<br>
> <a href="mailto:esp-r-request@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r-request@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
><br>
> You can reach the person managing the list at<br>
> <a href="mailto:esp-r-owner@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r-owner@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
><br>
> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific<br>
> than "Re: Contents of esp-r digest..."<br>
><br>
><br>
> Today's Topics:<br>
><br>
> 1. Re: Calculation of solar gains through complex shading<br>
> devices (Germ?n Molina Larrain)<br>
> 2. Re: Calculation of solar gains through complex shading<br>
> devices (Geissler Achim)<br>
><br>
><br>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
><br>
> Message: 1<br>
> Date: Tue, 7 May 2013 09:51:30 -0400<br>
> From: Germ?n Molina Larrain <<a href="mailto:gmolina1@uc.cl">gmolina1@uc.cl</a>><br>
> Subject: [esp-r] Re: Calculation of solar gains through complex<br>
> shading devices<br>
> To: Geissler Achim <<a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a>><br>
> Cc: "<a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a>" <<a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a>><br>
> Message-ID:<br>
> <CAF-iH4KSysOUcp2b7rc4=<a href="mailto:E42FohtcnJxGHoBhmeHV2E6ThiMEQ@mail.gmail.com">E42FohtcnJxGHoBhmeHV2E6ThiMEQ@mail.gmail.com</a>><br>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"<br>
<div class="im">><br>
> BSDFs can be generated using WINDOW, and I evaluated using Radiance's<br>
> genBSDF to generate Solar Bidirectional Information (compared the results<br>
> with the analytical models done inside WINDOW 6.0 and over). Nowadays, the<br>
> BSDFs come in a standard (probably still evolving) .xml file, and I thinkg<br>
> E+ format is very simple (I saw one once, but very quickly).<br>
><br>
> On the other hand, how does ESPr use Radiance or the Lighting calculations?<br>
> Making an annual simulation may take a really long time.<br>
><br>
> The reason why I chose the Three-phase method is because it allows "easy"<br>
> control of shading, and a very fast simulation. Also, it allows to change<br>
> and evaluate different shading systems. So it is very good for optimization.<br>
><br>
><br>
> 2013/5/7 Geissler Achim <<a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a>><br>
><br>
</div>> > Hi Germ?n****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > some comments below, inline.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > Best****<br>
> ><br>
> > Achim****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> ><br>
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
> > T <a href="tel:%2B41%2061%20467%2044%2051" value="+41614674451">+41 61 467 44 51</a><br>
> ><br>
> > <a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a><br>
> > <a href="http://www.fhnw.ch/iebau" target="_blank">www.fhnw.ch/iebau</a><br>
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
> ><br>
</div>> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > *Von:* <a href="mailto:germolinal@gmail.com">germolinal@gmail.com</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:germolinal@gmail.com">germolinal@gmail.com</a>] *Im Auftrag von<br>
> > *Germ?n Molina Larrain<br>
> > *Gesendet:* Dienstag, 7. Mai 2013 15:33<br>
> > *An:* Geissler Achim<br>
> > *Cc:* <a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
> > *Betreff:* Re: [esp-r] Calculation of solar gains through complex shading<br>
> > devices****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > Hi Achim, ****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > my original idea of workflow was thought on the basis of a straightforward<br>
> > finide difference simulation (as I have done in Matlab)... so it would be<br>
> > to make the solar simulations (calculation of solar gains and Daylight),<br>
> > and then, to make the thermal simulation; knowing the flows to each node<br>
</div>> > (calculated before).****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > Now, since you say that ESPr supports BSDF input, maybe the whole thermal<br>
> > simulation should be done in ESPr, leaving Radiance just for lighting. I<br>
> > have been working on the generation of the BSDFs, and I think the problem<br>
> > is practically solved right now, using tools that already exist (I expect<br>
> > I<br>
> > can publish something related to this). How long do those (BSDFed)<br>
> > simulations take? I have heard that in E+ they take considerably more time<br>
</div>> > than the other ones.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > I'm afraid I can't tell you, as I have never personally used that<br>
> > particular feature of ESP-r. Also, I am not sure if the format is any<br>
</div>> > "general" BSDF type. How do you generate your BSDFs?****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > As far as I am aware, the three-phase-method and the "coupling" with<br>
> > EnergyPlus requires two runs? Could you describe the necessary workflow /<br>
> > calculation steps? Where / in which program is the setting of a Venetian<br>
</div>> > type blind set, for example? Based on what?****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > The direct coupling, I was informed, is complicated. But, just as in ESPr,<br>
> > E+ was provided with the capability of using BSDF information in a very<br>
> > similar way as the Three-phase method does. So everything is actually made<br>
</div>> > on E+.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > Anyway, I guess the best should be to make the lighting simulation,<br>
> > calculate the electric lighting consumption and transform it into internal<br>
> > gains for a posterior ESPr simulation, considering BSDFs? Please feel free<br>
</div>> > to comment.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > Well, basically ESP-r and Radiance can be used fully coupled. I.e., if you<br>
> > want to have lighting control, you can couple a Radiance model, let that<br>
> > do<br>
> > the lighting calculations and give back which percentage of the pre-set<br>
> > set<br>
> > point are covered by daylight - ESP-r will then add the rest as electric<br>
> > internal gain based on the defined electric light installation. The gain<br>
> > due to daylight is taken into account by the solar gain. This can also be<br>
> > used with the CFCs - there is an experimental feature which generates the<br>
> > Radiance Model with a Venetian type blind during run-time with the slat<br>
> > angle as given by solar needs (e.g. "cut off" control). Computing times<br>
</div>> > are, of course, somewhat longer than usual.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > THANKS VERY MUCH****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > German****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
> ><br>
> > 2013/5/7 Geissler Achim <<a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a>>****<br>
> ><br>
> > Dear German****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > basically, that is a very interesting idea. However, I would not expect<br>
> > this to be easy and straightforward, as one strength of ESP-r is that it<br>
> > solves all the physics simultaneously. Currently, there are two possible<br>
> > ways to include complex shading: The "CFC" model for multi-layer<br>
> > constructions (to date, this covers venetian type blinds, roller blinds<br>
> > and<br>
> > meshes are "in the works" as far as I am aware) and the input of<br>
> > bi-directional reflection / transmission input data ("BRTD") - here the<br>
> > problem is basically generating the necessary input data, however this may<br>
</div>> > be possible via Window 7 (LBNL), now.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > ESP-r can basically take the solar distribution on the surfaces of the<br>
> > zone behind the window into account. In the mainstream code, the CFCs lack<br>
> > daylighting, however. I am not sure what the situation in this regard for<br>
</div>> > the "BRTD"-type of models is.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > As far as I am aware, the three-phase-method and the "coupling" with<br>
> > EnergyPlus requires two runs? Could you describe the necessary workflow /<br>
> > calculation steps? Where / in which program is the setting of a Venetian<br>
</div>> > type blind set, for example? Based on what?****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > Best****<br>
> ><br>
> > Achim****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > *Von:* <a href="mailto:esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk</a> [mailto:<br>
> > <a href="mailto:esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk</a>] *Im Auftrag von *Germ?n Molina Larrain<br>
> > *Gesendet:* Dienstag, 7. Mai 2013 01:07<br>
> > *An:* <a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
> > *Betreff:* [esp-r] Calculation of solar gains through complex shading<br>
> > devices****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > Hello, ****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > I am German Molina, and I am doing my MSc. on complex shading systems, and<br>
> > how to treat them for simulation purposes (Lighting and Solar Heat Gains).<br>
> > I do not really use ESPr or any other thermal simulation tools, just<br>
</div>> > Radiance for now.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > Finished my literature review, I realized that one method used for<br>
> > lighting (the Three-phase method) might be good to be a good estimator of<br>
> > the Solar Heat Gains through complex fenestration systems... later I found<br>
> > out that some people did this, and actually nowadays something very<br>
> > similar<br>
</div>> > can be implemented in EnergyPlus.****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > Long story short, I think (it is waiting for a validation) that I can<br>
> > accurately calculate the Solar Heat Gains through virtually any complex<br>
> > fenestration system of known BSDF matrices; and not only net solar heat<br>
> > gains, but I think I can also say where the solar radiation is going<br>
> > (calculate the fraction that goes to the ceiling, to the floor, etc.). How<br>
> > difficult would it be to use this output as an input for ESPr? For what I<br>
</div>> > understand, ESPr does not handle very well these kind of systems?****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
<div class="im">> ><br>
> > What I am proposing can be actually reduced to just one phrase: Lets use<br>
> > Radiance to what it does best (radiation transport) and ESPr to what I<br>
</div>> > think it does best (Thermal simulation).****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > THANKS VERY MUCH****<br>
> ><br>
> > ****<br>
> ><br>
> > German Molina****<br>
> ><br>
> > ** **<br>
><br>
> -------------- next part --------------<br>
> An HTML attachment was scrubbed...<br>
> URL:<br>
> <a href="http://lists.strath.ac.uk/archives/esp-r/attachments/20130507/fb681b46/atta" target="_blank">http://lists.strath.ac.uk/archives/esp-r/attachments/20130507/fb681b46/atta</a><br>
> chment-0001.html<br>
><br>
> ------------------------------<br>
><br>
> Message: 2<br>
> Date: Tue, 7 May 2013 13:44:24 +0000<br>
> From: Geissler Achim <<a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a>><br>
> Subject: [esp-r] Re: Calculation of solar gains through complex<br>
> shading devices<br>
> To: Germ?n Molina Larrain <<a href="mailto:gmolina1@uc.cl">gmolina1@uc.cl</a>><br>
> Cc: "<a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a>" <<a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a>><br>
> Message-ID:<br>
> <<a href="mailto:BC9FF28A18B2A8499742D2B15D1A323A1709E9C6@MXAMU23.adm.ds.fhnw.ch">BC9FF28A18B2A8499742D2B15D1A323A1709E9C6@MXAMU23.adm.ds.fhnw.ch</a>><br>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"<br>
><br>
> Hi Germ?n<br>
<div class="im">><br>
> some comments below, inline.<br>
><br>
> Best<br>
> Achim<br>
><br>
><br>
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
> T <a href="tel:%2B41%2061%20467%2044%2051" value="+41614674451">+41 61 467 44 51</a><br>
><br>
</div>> <a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a><mailto:<a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a>><br>
> <a href="http://www.fhnw.ch/iebau" target="_blank">www.fhnw.ch/iebau</a><<a href="http://www.fhnw.ch/iebau" target="_blank">http://www.fhnw.ch/iebau</a>><br>
<div class="im">> ---------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
><br>
><br>
> Von: <a href="mailto:germolinal@gmail.com">germolinal@gmail.com</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:germolinal@gmail.com">germolinal@gmail.com</a>] Im Auftrag von<br>
</div>> Germ?n Molina Larrain Gesendet: Dienstag, 7. Mai 2013 15:33<br>
<div><div class="h5">> An: Geissler Achim<br>
> Cc: <a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
> Betreff: Re: [esp-r] Calculation of solar gains through complex shading<br>
> devices<br>
><br>
> Hi Achim,<br>
><br>
> my original idea of workflow was thought on the basis of a straightforward<br>
> finide difference simulation (as I have done in Matlab)... so it would be<br>
> to make the solar simulations (calculation of solar gains and Daylight),<br>
> and then, to make the thermal simulation; knowing the flows to each node<br>
> (calculated before).<br>
><br>
> Now, since you say that ESPr supports BSDF input, maybe the whole thermal<br>
> simulation should be done in ESPr, leaving Radiance just for lighting. I<br>
> have been working on the generation of the BSDFs, and I think the problem<br>
> is practically solved right now, using tools that already exist (I expect I<br>
> can publish something related to this). How long do those (BSDFed)<br>
> simulations take? I have heard that in E+ they take considerably more time<br>
> than the other ones.<br>
><br>
> I'm afraid I can't tell you, as I have never personally used that particular<br>
> feature of ESP-r. Also, I am not sure if the format is any "general" BSDF<br>
> type. How do you generate your BSDFs?<br>
><br>
> As far as I am aware, the three-phase-method and the "coupling" with<br>
> EnergyPlus requires two runs? Could you describe the necessary workflow /<br>
> calculation steps? Where / in which program is the setting of a Venetian<br>
> type blind set, for example? Based on what?<br>
><br>
> The direct coupling, I was informed, is complicated. But, just as in ESPr,<br>
> E+ was provided with the capability of using BSDF information in a very<br>
> similar way as the Three-phase method does. So everything is actually made<br>
> on E+.<br>
><br>
><br>
> Anyway, I guess the best should be to make the lighting simulation,<br>
> calculate the electric lighting consumption and transform it into internal<br>
> gains for a posterior ESPr simulation, considering BSDFs? Please feel free<br>
> to comment.<br>
><br>
> Well, basically ESP-r and Radiance can be used fully coupled. I.e., if you<br>
> want to have lighting control, you can couple a Radiance model, let that do<br>
> the lighting calculations and give back which percentage of the pre-set set<br>
> point are covered by daylight - ESP-r will then add the rest as electric<br>
> internal gain based on the defined electric light installation. The gain<br>
> due to daylight is taken into account by the solar gain. This can also be<br>
> used with the CFCs - there is an experimental feature which generates the<br>
> Radiance Model with a Venetian type blind during run-time with the slat<br>
> angle as given by solar needs (e.g. "cut off" control). Computing times<br>
> are, of course, somewhat longer than usual.<br>
><br>
><br>
> THANKS VERY MUCH<br>
><br>
> German<br>
><br>
> 2013/5/7 Geissler Achim<br>
</div></div>> <<a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a><mailto:<a href="mailto:achim.geissler@fhnw.ch">achim.geissler@fhnw.ch</a>>> Dear German<br>
<div class="im">><br>
> basically, that is a very interesting idea. However, I would not expect this<br>
> to be easy and straightforward, as one strength of ESP-r is that it solves<br>
> all the physics simultaneously. Currently, there are two possible ways to<br>
> include complex shading: The "CFC" model for multi-layer constructions (to<br>
> date, this covers venetian type blinds, roller blinds and meshes are "in<br>
> the works" as far as I am aware) and the input of bi-directional<br>
> reflection / transmission input data ("BRTD") - here the problem is<br>
> basically generating the necessary input data, however this may be possible<br>
> via Window 7 (LBNL), now.<br>
><br>
> ESP-r can basically take the solar distribution on the surfaces of the zone<br>
> behind the window into account. In the mainstream code, the CFCs lack<br>
> daylighting, however. I am not sure what the situation in this regard for<br>
> the "BRTD"-type of models is.<br>
><br>
> As far as I am aware, the three-phase-method and the "coupling" with<br>
> EnergyPlus requires two runs? Could you describe the necessary workflow /<br>
> calculation steps? Where / in which program is the setting of a Venetian<br>
> type blind set, for example? Based on what?<br>
><br>
> Best<br>
> Achim<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
</div>> Von: <a href="mailto:esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><<a href="http://ath.ac.uk" target="_blank">http://ath.ac.uk</a>><br>
> [mailto:<a href="mailto:esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r-bounces@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><mailto:<a href="mailto:esp-r-bounces@lists.strath">esp-r-bounces@lists.strath</a>.<br>
> <a href="http://ac.uk" target="_blank">ac.uk</a>>] Im Auftrag von Germ?n Molina Larrain Gesendet: Dienstag, 7. Mai 2013<br>
> 01:07<br>
> An: <a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><mailto:<a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a>><br>
<div class="im">> Betreff: [esp-r] Calculation of solar gains through complex shading devices<br>
><br>
> Hello,<br>
><br>
> I am German Molina, and I am doing my MSc. on complex shading systems, and<br>
> how to treat them for simulation purposes (Lighting and Solar Heat Gains).<br>
> I do not really use ESPr or any other thermal simulation tools, just<br>
> Radiance for now.<br>
><br>
> Finished my literature review, I realized that one method used for lighting<br>
> (the Three-phase method) might be good to be a good estimator of the Solar<br>
> Heat Gains through complex fenestration systems... later I found out that<br>
> some people did this, and actually nowadays something very similar can be<br>
> implemented in EnergyPlus.<br>
><br>
> Long story short, I think (it is waiting for a validation) that I can<br>
> accurately calculate the Solar Heat Gains through virtually any complex<br>
> fenestration system of known BSDF matrices; and not only net solar heat<br>
> gains, but I think I can also say where the solar radiation is going<br>
> (calculate the fraction that goes to the ceiling, to the floor, etc.). How<br>
> difficult would it be to use this output as an input for ESPr? For what I<br>
> understand, ESPr does not handle very well these kind of systems?<br>
><br>
> What I am proposing can be actually reduced to just one phrase: Lets use<br>
> Radiance to what it does best (radiation transport) and ESPr to what I<br>
> think it does best (Thermal simulation).<br>
><br>
> THANKS VERY MUCH<br>
><br>
> German Molina<br>
><br>
</div>> -------------- next part --------------<br>
> An HTML attachment was scrubbed...<br>
> URL:<br>
> <a href="http://lists.strath.ac.uk/archives/esp-r/attachments/20130507/5773ecb1/atta" target="_blank">http://lists.strath.ac.uk/archives/esp-r/attachments/20130507/5773ecb1/atta</a><br>
> chment.html<br>
><br>
> ------------------------------<br>
<div class="im">><br>
> _______________________________________________<br>
> esp-r mailing list<br>
> <a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
> <a href="http://lists.strath.ac.uk/mailman/listinfo/esp-r" target="_blank">http://lists.strath.ac.uk/mailman/listinfo/esp-r</a><br>
><br>
</div>> End of esp-r Digest, Vol 82, Issue 4<br>
> ************************************<br>
<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">--<br>
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _<br>
|Marco Manzan Email: <a href="mailto:manzan@units.it">manzan@units.it</a> |<br>
|Tel: <a href="tel:%28%2B39%29%20040%205583506" value="+390405583506">(+39) 040 5583506</a> Fax : <a href="tel:%28%2B39%29%20040%20%20572033" value="+39040572033">(+39) 040 572033</a> |<br>
|Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Architettura |<br>
|Universita' degli Studi di Trieste |<br>
|piazzale Europa 1, 34127 TRIESTE |<br>
|_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _|<br>
</font></span><div class="HOEnZb"><div class="h5"><br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
esp-r mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk">esp-r@lists.strath.ac.uk</a><br>
<a href="http://lists.strath.ac.uk/mailman/listinfo/esp-r" target="_blank">http://lists.strath.ac.uk/mailman/listinfo/esp-r</a><br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>